"老早" meaning in All languages combined

See 老早 on Wiktionary

Adverb [Chinese]

IPA: /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/, /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/, /lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/, /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/, /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/, /lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/, /lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/ Chinese transliterations: lǎozǎo [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], lou⁵ zou² [Cantonese, Jyutping], láu-chá, ⁶lau-tsau, lǎozǎo [Phonetic:láozǎo] [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lǎozǎo [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], lao³-tsao³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lǎu-dzǎu [Mandarin, Yale], laotzao [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], лаоцзао [Mandarin, Palladius], laoczao [Mandarin, Palladius], lǎozǎor [Phonetic:láozǎor] [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇㄦ [Mandarin, bopomofo], lǎozǎor [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], lao³-tsao³-ʼrh [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lǎu-dzǎur [Mandarin, Yale], laotzaol [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], лаоцзаор [Mandarin, Palladius], laoczaor [Mandarin, Palladius], lóuh jóu [Cantonese, Yale], lou⁵ dzou² [Cantonese, Pinyin], lou⁵ zou² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], láu-chá [Hokkien, POJ], láu-tsá [Hokkien, Tai-lo], lawzar [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], ⁶lau-tsau [Northern, Wu], lau^去 tsau [Northern, Wu], ³lau-tsau [Northern, Wu], /lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/ [Northern, Wu]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adverb}} 老早
  1. very early
    Sense id: en-老早-zh-adv-Ul5GX5rp
  2. long ago
    Sense id: en-老早-zh-adv-x5hDSAv6 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 12 88 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 100
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "老早",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "very early"
      ],
      "id": "en-老早-zh-adv-Ul5GX5rp",
      "links": [
        [
          "early",
          "early"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The story happened long ago.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Wugniu",
            "Shanghainese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "⁸geq-tsaq ⁵ku-zy ⁵kaon-geq ⁵sy ⁶lau-tsau-geq ⁶zy-thi",
          "text": "搿隻故事講個是老早個事體。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The story happened long ago.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Wugniu",
            "Shanghainese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "⁸geq-tsaq ⁵ku-zy ⁵kaon-geq ⁵sy ⁶lau-tsau-geq ⁶zy-thi",
          "text": "搿只故事讲个是老早个事体。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "long ago"
      ],
      "id": "en-老早-zh-adv-x5hDSAv6",
      "links": [
        [
          "long ago",
          "long ago"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ zou²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "láu-chá"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo [Phonetic:láozǎo]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lao³-tsao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎu-dzǎu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laotzao"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лаоцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laoczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎor [Phonetic:láozǎor]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lao³-tsao³-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎu-dzǎur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laotzaol"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лаоцзаор"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laoczaor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lóuh jóu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ dzou²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ zou²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "láu-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "láu-tsá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lawzar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lau^去 tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: láozǎo]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: láozǎor]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "老早"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 早",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 老",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "老早",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "very early"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "early",
          "early"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Wu terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The story happened long ago.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Wugniu",
            "Shanghainese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "⁸geq-tsaq ⁵ku-zy ⁵kaon-geq ⁵sy ⁶lau-tsau-geq ⁶zy-thi",
          "text": "搿隻故事講個是老早個事體。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The story happened long ago.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Wugniu",
            "Shanghainese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "⁸geq-tsaq ⁵ku-zy ⁵kaon-geq ⁵sy ⁶lau-tsau-geq ⁶zy-thi",
          "text": "搿只故事讲个是老早个事体。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "long ago"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "long ago",
          "long ago"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ zou²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "láu-chá"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo [Phonetic:láozǎo]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lao³-tsao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎu-dzǎu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laotzao"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лаоцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laoczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎor [Phonetic:láozǎor]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄠˇ ㄗㄠˇㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎozǎor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lao³-tsao³-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǎu-dzǎur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laotzaol"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лаоцзаор"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "laoczaor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lóuh jóu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ dzou²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lou⁵ zou²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "láu-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "láu-tsá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lawzar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lau^去 tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³lau-tsau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: láozǎo]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: láozǎor]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lou̯¹³ t͡sou̯³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɔ²² t͡sɔ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "老早"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 老早 meaning in All languages combined (4.1kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "老早"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "老早",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.